Готовимся к ЕГЭ и ОГЭ: Past Simple Passive

PAST SIMPLE PASSIVE – простое прошедшее время глагола, пассивный залог

was/were + V3/Ved

Сравните предложения:

My mum cooked dinner yesterday.

Dinner was cooked by my mum yesterday.

В первом предложении подлежащее активно, деятель (my mum) совершил действие, во втором предложении подлежащее пассивно, действие было совершено другим лицом (by my mum) и при этом оно было направлено на подлежащее.

При образовании формы для правильных глаголов добавляется окончание ED, для неправильных глаголов используется третья форма (Participle II).

The hotel was built last year.

Использование:

Cобытие в прошлом как факт

Часто в предложениях могут встречаться такие слова, как:

  • yesterday
  • last week
  • 3 days ago
  • in 2010

НО: действие направлено на подлежащее в предложении. Подлежащее — пассивно.

VERBS + ?
regular I (he, she, it) was invited to the party last week.  
We (you, they) were invited to the party last week.  

I (he, she, it) was not invited to the party last week.  
We (you, they) were not invited to the party last week.

Сокращенные формы:
I (he, she, it) wasn’t invited to the party last week.  
We (you, they) weren’t invited to the party last week.
Was I (he, she, it) invited to the party last week?
– Yes, I (he, she, it) was
– No, I (he, she, it) wasn’t
 
Were we (you, they)  invited to the party last week?
– Yes, we (you, they) were
– No, we (you, they) weren’t
irregular I (he, she, it) was told the answer an hour ago.  
We (you, they) were told the answer an hour ago.  
I (he, she, it) was not told the answer an hour ago.  
We (you, they) were not told the answer an hour ago.

Сокращенные формы:
I (he, she, it) wasn’t told the answer an hour ago.  
We (you, they) weren’t told the answer an hour ago.
Was I (he, she, it) told the answer an hour ago?
– Yes, I (he, she, it) was
– No, I (he, she, it) wasn’t
 
Were we (you, they) told the answer an hour ago?
– Yes, we (you, they) were
– No, we (you, they) weren’t