PRESENT SIMPLE PASSIVE – простое настоящее время глагола, пассивный залог
be + V3/Ved
Сравните предложения:
My mum cooks dinner every day.
Dinner is cooked by my mum every day.
В первом предложении подлежащее активно, деятель (my mum) совершает действие. Во втором предложение подлежащее пассивно, действие совершается кем-то другим и направлено на подлежащее.
При образовании формы для правильных глаголов добавляется окончание -ED, в случае с неправильными глаголами используется 3 форма неправильного глагола – Participle II.
Children are taught by teachers
Использование:
- регулярно повторяющееся событие
The car is washed every week.
- факт
Everything is covered with snow in winter.
НО: действие направлено на подлежащее в предложении. Подлежащее — пассивно.
PRESENT SIMPLE PASSIVE
| VERBS | + | – | ? |
| regular | I am invited to the party by my friend. The house is painted by workers. The houses are painted by workers. Сокращенные формы: I’m invited to the party by my friend. The house’s painted by workers. The houses’re painted by workers. | I am not invited to the party by my friend. The house is not painted by workers. The houses are not painted by workers. Сокращенные формы: I’m not invited to the party by my friend. The house isn’t painted by workers. The houses aren’t painted by workers. | Am I invited to the party by my friend? – Yes, you are – No, you aren’t Is the house painted by workers? – Yes, it is – No, it isn’t Are the houses painted by workers? – Yes, they are – No, they aren’t |
| irregular | I am told the answer. The child is taught at school by his teacher. The children are taught at school by their teachers. Сокращенные формы: I’m told the answer. The child’s taught at school by his teacher. The children’re taught at school by their teachers. | I am not told the answer. The child is not taught at school by his teacher. The children are not taught at school by their teachers. Сокращенные формы: I’m not told the answer. The child isn’t taught at school by his teacher. The children aren’t taught at school by their teachers. | Am I told the answer? – Yes, you are – No, you aren’t Is the child taught at school by his teacher? – Yes, he is – No, he isn’t Are the children taught at school by their teachers? – Yes, they are – No, they aren’t |